Brisbane

The Greater Brisbane region has a population of about 2.2 million people and is Australia's third-largest city.

Brisbane, colloquially known as Brissie (pronounced Briz-ee), gained international exposure through multiple international sporting events and political summits, including the upcoming 2032 Summer Olympics. It is also known as the main setting of the animated kids TV series Bluey.

Tipping is not part of the local culture. A simple 'thank you' is sufficient for good service.

For many thousands of years prior to British settlement, the Brisbane area was inhabited by the Turrbal and Jagera Aboriginal people. They knew the area that is now the central business district as Mian-jin, meaning "place shaped as a spike". The Australian English phrase "hard yakka" – meaning "hard work" – comes from the Jagera people, and is certainly what the British settlers faced in Brisbane's humid subtropical climate.

The Moreton Bay area was explored by English navigator Matthew Flinders. On 17 July 1799, Flinders landed at what is now known as Woody Point which he named "Red Cliff Point", now Redcliffe after the red-coloured cliffs visible from the bay. In 1823, Governor of New South Wales, Sir Thomas Brisbane, instructed that a new northern penal settlement be developed, intended to house dangerous prisoners in a remote location and an exploration party led by John Oxley further explored Moreton Bay. The original penal settlement was established in Redcliffe but was later moved to a location further down the bay where freshwater supplies were more reliable. Oxley named this new settlement "Brisbane" in honour of the Governor.

A series of major immigration events took place in the following decades which brought with it strong industry and commercial development in the region. In 1838, non-convict free settlers moved to the area and pushed to close the jail and to release the land in the area. In 1859, a gold rush led to the establishment of the colony of Queensland with Brisbane as its capital even though Brisbane was not incorporated as a city until 1902. In 1925, the Queensland State Parliament created the City of Brisbane Act that set up a single government for the city of Brisbane, still the largest metropolitan authority in Australia and one of the largest in the world by area. Over twenty small municipalities and shires were amalgamated to form the City of Brisbane. 1930 was a significant year for Brisbane with the completion of Brisbane City Hall, then the city's tallest building and the Shrine of Remembrance in ANZAC Square which has since become Brisbane's main war memorial. These historic buildings along with the Story Bridge which opened in 1940 are key landmarks that help define the architectural character of the city.

During World War II, Brisbane became central to the Allied campaign when the AMP Building - now MacArthur Central was used as the South West Pacific headquarters for General Douglas MacArthur, chief of the Allied Pacific forces. In 1942, Brisbane was the site of a violent clash between visiting US military personnel, Australian servicemen and civilians which resulted in one death and several injuries. This incident became known colloquially as the Battle of Brisbane.

Postwar Brisbane had developed a "big country town" stigma, an image the city's politicians and marketers were very keen to remove but despite steady growth, Brisbane's development was punctuated by infrastructure problems. The State Government began a major program of change and urban renewal beginning with the central business district and inner suburbs. Trams in Brisbane were a popular mode of public transport until the network was closed in 1969, leaving Melbourne as the last Australian city to operate a tram network.

The 1974 Brisbane flood was a major disaster which temporarily crippled the city. During this era, Brisbane grew and modernised rapidly becoming a destination of interstate migration. Some of Brisbane's popular landmarks were lost sometimes demolished in controversial circumstances with much media coverage and public protest. Major public works included the Riverside Expressway, the Gateway Bridge and later the redevelopment of South Bank after the city hosted World Expo '88 starting with the Queensland Art Gallery and Performing Arts Centre.

In subsequent years there has been strong immigration into Brisbane and the surrounding region, both domestically and internationally with large influxes from Asia, Europe, New Zealand and Polynesia. This was driven by cheaper house prices than in other Australian cities, a pleasant climate and good employment opportunities, especially within the mining and tourism sectors. Brisbane's population growth has exceeded the national average every year since 1990 at an average rate of around 2.2% per year.

Since 2000, Brisbane has gone from drought to flooding rains. In the mid-2000s, lower dam levels led to severe water restrictions for residents. The campaign to lower water usage was so successful that the city now boasts some of the lowest average water use per resident of any developed city in the world. These days you're not likely to find the tap dry or see any visible signs of the shortage. However out of respect for the locals, keep your showers relatively brief, try your best to conserve water and expect the locals to be horrified if you walk away from a running tap.

A number of extremely wet summers broke the drought and culminated in the January 2011 flood which devastated the city. In typical Queensland fashion, one of the largest volunteer workforces ever amassed: over 100,000 Brisbane locals and Queensland volunteers descended on the city to aid in the clean-up, earning the nickname the "Mud Army" and allowing the city to return to business just a week after the flood. The Mud Army were honoured with the naming of a new CityCat Ferry, the "Spirit of Brisbane" and then Prime Minister of Australia Julia Gillard described Brisbane residents as "the best of humankind", gifting a monument to the city to honour the volunteers.

Brisbane
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D       141     30 22       182     30 22       129     29 20       61     27 17       70     25 14       57     22 12       30     22 11       35     24 11       30     26 14       86     27 17       100     28 19       140     30 21 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation+Snow totals in mm
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D       5.6     87 71       7.2     86 71       5.1     85 69       2.4     81 63       2.7     76 57       2.2     72 53       1.2     72 51       1.4     74 52       1.2     78 57       3.4     81 62       3.9     83 66       5.5     85 69 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation+Snow totals in inches

When the wet season hits the northern Australian tropics, Brisbane experiences hot and clear summer days with stunning afternoon thunderstorms. Brisbane does not experience the distinct "four seasons" like the other Australian capital cities of Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide. When winter arrives towards the southern capital cities, temperatures are sent into the low tens (°C), while Brisbane's climate stays mostly dry and sunny, with daytime temperatures usually remaining above 20°C.

• Summer (December–February) humidity is high with daytime average temperatures around 30 °C (86 °F) and nighttime lows around 22 °C (72 °F). Occasional heat waves can raise the temperature in excess of 33 °C (91 °F) and keep overnight lows around or above 24.5 °C (76.1 °F) all night long, however these are not common. Given the humid climate, an air temperature of 33 °C (91 °F) can feel like 35.5 °C (95.9 °F) given the humidity. Just about any outdoor activity you do at the height of a regular summer day in Brisbane will leave you bathed in sweat. Loose-fitting clothing that protects you from the sun is appropriate attire for most casual activities, and air-conditioning will assure you a comfortable night's sleep or ride on public transport. Summer storms with hail and heavy rainfall are common in afternoons on hot, humid days. They usually pass quickly and often put on a good lightning show. Sunrise is as early as 4:45AM, and the latest sunsets are around 6:45PM.
• Autumn (March–May) sees a cool change in Brisbane with average daytime temperatures between 20 and 30°C. Most tourists not used to a humid climate will find this the best time to visit Brisbane, as the humidity lowers and the region shifts into a more comfortable, dry and sunny weather pattern, perfect for outdoor activities. Night-time temperatures usually drop to 10-20°C, with ambient heat from the day still radiating from the ground, keeping the early evening still warm and comfortable, though a light jacket may be required later at night.
• Winter (June–August) signals the region's dry season, with Brisbane experiencing cool, sunny, cloudless days. Temperatures typically go up to 25°C during the day with night-time temperatures rarely dropping below 5°C. The early-morning chill usually disappears by mid-morning and most of the daylight hours are relatively warm, however it is still recommended to have something warm to wear as this is not always the case. The eastern suburbs tend to be cooler as sea breezes blow in from the bay. Daylight hours run from 6:35AM to 5PM.
• Spring (September–November) sees the revitalisation of the city with warmer days and fresh sea breezes coming in from the bay. Weather is similar to Autumn months, with increasing humidity as summer draws closer.

More detailed information on Brisbane climate and weather is available online at the Australian Bureau of Meteorology.

Sunburn is a risk in this part of the world; see our Sunburn and sun protection article and #Sun safety below.

• 1 Brisbane Visitor Information Centre and Booking Centre, Queen Street Mall, ☏ . Mon–Thu 9AM–5:30PM, Fri 9AM–7PM, Sat 9AM–5PM, Sun and public holidays 9:30AM–4:30PM; closed Good Fri and Christmas.  (updated Apr 2019). The Brisbane Visitor Information Centre, housed in the heritage-listed (former) Regent Theatre, is staffed by volunteers and knowledgeable city workers who provide free booking services and help you plan your itinerary for dining, accommodation, and activities in Brisbane.

Brisbane can be accessed by plane via Brisbane Airport (BNE ^IATA), or via the less convenient but often cheaper Gold Coast Airport.

Brisbane Airport has direct flights from all Australian capitals and many Queensland centres. Major domestic carriers include Virgin Australia, Jetstar, and Qantas. The airport is serviced by many regional airlines and it is possible to fly daily to most Asian centres (and on to Europe), the United States and New Zealand, without flying via Sydney or Melbourne.

You can travel from the Gold Coast Airport to Brisbane for 50c by taking the 760 bus to Varsity Lakes station and transferring to the train.

The 1 Brisbane International Cruise Terminal is located in Pinkenba.

Long distance rail services both arrive and depart from 2 Roma Street Station in the inner city. Services to New South Wales operated by NSW TrainLink depart from Platform 2. Services to the rest of Queensland depart from Platform 10.

• NSW TrainLink operates a daily return rail service from Sydney, with onward connections to Melbourne and Canberra. Unfortunately, the journey from Sydney takes around 14 hours and due to scheduling issues, the train leaves at 2:41PM at Sydney Central Station and arrives between 4–5AM at Roma St Station.
• Queensland Rail operates services to most centres in Queensland.

Luxury train operator Journey Beyond operates the Great Southern from Adelaide during the summer months from December to January. The train takes a circuitous routing along the coast of Victoria and New South Wales, and is more expensive than flying, meaning that it is designed for luxury travellers with a lot of time and money on their hand, rather than as a practical travel option. The Great Southern arrives at the 3 Brisbane Freight Terminal in Acacia Ridge, not Roma Street Station in the CBD that other long-distance trains use, but coaches from the terminal to the CBD are included in the ticket price.

Most long distance bus services operate from level 3 of the 4 Brisbane Transit Centre near Roma Street Station in the inner city.

• Premier Motor Service offers services between Sydney and Brisbane and Brisbane and Cairns.
• Greyhound Australia link other interstate capitals to Brisbane via their extensive national network. In particular they operate regular services between Brisbane and Sydney, Brisbane and Toowoomba then onward to Roma and between Brisbane and Cairns. Pick-up is available from Brisbane Airport on some services.
• Flixbus operates services between Sydney and Brisbane, as well as Brisbane and Cairns.
• Murrays Coaches operate services between Brisbane and Toowoomba and onwards to the small town of Miles, west of Toowoomba. Pick up is available from Brisbane Airport on some services.
• Bus Queensland^{[dead link]} operate services under Government contract between Brisbane and many rural and remote areas. Key routes serviced by this company include services between Brisbane and Charleville via Toowoomba and between Brisbane and Mt Isa.

Visitors from southern states can reach Brisbane by either the New England and Cunningham or Pacific Highways.

• The Bruce Highway (A1) connects the northern coast of Queensland to Brisbane.
• The Pacific Motorway (M1) connects Brisbane to the Gold Coast continues south along the New South Wales coast.
• The Ipswich Motorway (M2) connects to Ipswich and surrounding Western Brisbane areas.
• The Warrego Highway (A2) links Brisbane to the west through the Lockyer Valley, Toowoomba and the Darling Downs.
• The Cunningham Highway (A15) links Brisbane to Southern Queensland and Central western New South Wales.

Translink is responsible for all trains, buses, ferries and trams in South East Queensland and regional urban buses. The website and app can be used to plan a journey, including full navigation and real time updates. Apple Maps and Google Maps provide a similar experience.

A 50-cent flat fare applies to any journey, regardless of mode or distance, with a limit of 3 transfers. The only exception is an Airtrain journey to or from Brisbane Airport which costs $22.30 (June 2025), with a 15% discount for booking online. Refer to the website for other discounted fares. You can be fined $261 for travelling without a valid fare.

There are three ways to pay for your journey:

• Contactless credit or debit card. A Mastercard or Visa is accepted, including those in a digital wallet like Apple Pay or Google Pay. Your fare is deducted from your card as you touch on and touch off each mode of transport. Trains and trams have fare gates or distinctive pink validators to touch before you board and after you alight. Buses and ferries have validators to touch as you board and alight. A failure to touch off each mode of transport will result in a fixed fare of $2.50.
• Go card. A go card is available at train station ticket counters, busway and tram fare machines, and selected newsagents and convenience stores. The card requires a $10 deposit. The card can be topped up with travel credit at the same locations, including train station fare machines. The maximum travel credit you can top up is $250. Refunding the deposit and travel credit can be a hassle. If you last topped up using cash it can be processed at Brisbane Airport and selected newsagents and convenience stores. If you last topped up using credit or debit card it can only be processed via an Australian bank account transfer.
• Paper ticket. A paper ticket is available at train station ticket counters and fare machines, and busway and tram fare machines.

Brisbane has a sizeable rail network. Most services are through running, travelling from one side of the city to the other. All trains stop at Bowen Hills, Fortitude Valley, Central and Roma Street, regardless of their origin or destination. Interurban services run between Brisbane and the Gold Coast, with connecting tram services at Helensvale. Interurban services also run between Brisbane and the Sunshine Coast, with connecting bus services at Landsborough. Trains generally run from 4AM to midnight, running later on Friday and Saturday nights, and finishing earlier on Sundays.

Brisbane has a large, interconnected network of bus routes that serve the whole city. The bus fleet is the most modern in Australia and can be identified by the vibrant blue and yellow colouring within the Transport for Brisbane service area. All buses have a digital display of their route number and a brief description of the terminus and/or areas served. Most routes run frequent services from 6AM to 11PM at a minimum.

Brisbane's 'busways' are dedicated bus rapid transit corridors that provide high frequency routes between the northern, southern, eastern and western suburbs. Most busway routes stop at Roma Street, King George Square, and Cultural Centre. The busways interchange with the rail network at Roma Street and Cultural Centre, and the two modes of transport combined provide very good coverage of the city.

In some of Brisbane's notoriously dispersed outer suburbs, services may be much less frequent or have reduced running hours, so it is advisable to check timetables if making these trips. Timetables are sometimes optimistic, especially during morning and afternoon peak hours when traffic is heavy, and buses are occasionally up to 10 minutes late.

As with many cities, Brisbane has a large number of express buses, so it should not be assumed that all buses observe every stop along the roads they travel. In peak hour there are even more express routes ('rockets' and 'bullets') for commuters which make very few stops at all. Ask the driver if you are unsure.

All-night bus services known as 'NightLink' are operated on Friday and Saturday nights.

The following routes are convenient for travel around the inner city:

• The 'Brisbane Metro M1' (Route M1) is a high frequency service travelling along the busway from Roma Street to Eight Mile Plains. This bus operates every 5 minutes during the day (M–F 6AM to 6PM), and every 10 to 15 minutes all other times (Su–Th 5:00AM to 11:30PM, and F–Sa 24 hours).
• The 'Brisbane Metro M2' (Route M2) is a high frequency service travelling along the busway from RBWH to UQ Lakes. This bus operates every 5 minutes during the day (M–F 6AM to 6PM), and every 10 to 15 minutes all other times (Su–Th 5:00AM to 11:30PM, and F–Sa 24 hours).
• The 'Blue CityGlider' (Route 60) is a high frequency service for quick north-south cross-city travel between West End and Teneriffe, stopping at distinctive light blue bus stops. This bus operates every 5 minutes in peak hour (M–F 7AM to 9AM and 4PM to 6PM), and every 10 to 15 minutes all other times (Su–Th 5:30AM to 11:30PM, and F–Sa 24 hours).
• The 'Maroon CityGlider' (Route 61) is a high frequency service for quick east-west cross-city travel between Ashgrove and Coorparoo, stopping at distinctive maroon bus stops. This bus operates every 10 minutes in peak hour (M–F 7AM to 9AM and 4PM to 6PM), and every 15 minutes all other times (Su–Th 5:30AM to 11:30PM, and F–Sa 24 hours, every 30 minutes after midnight).
• The 'City Loop' (Route 40, Route 50) is a free and convenient bus service travelling in both directions around the CBD. This bus operates every 10 minutes on weekdays (M–F 7AM to 6PM) from distinctive bright purple bus stops.
• The 'Spring Hill Loop' (Route 30) is a free and convenient bus service travelling around the Spring Hill area just north of the CBD. This bus operates every 20 minutes on weekdays (M–F 6AM to 9PM) from distinctive bright yellow bus stops.

Some other honourable bus routes include the 222 to Carindale via the Eastern Busway, the 333 to Chermside via the Northern Busway, the 555 to Loganholme via the South East Busway, and the 169 between UQ Lakes and Eight Mile Plains.

Ferries have become an icon of the city and are a fantastic way to tour Brisbane.

• Brisbane River ferries – Brisbane City Council operates an extensive network of ferries that traverse the Brisbane River. The F1 route is an all stops service running between UQ St Lucia and Northshore Hamilton; the F1x routes are express services skipping some smaller stops; the F2x routes are cross river services running between one side of the river and the other. The routes include:
  • F1 Northshore Hamilton–UQ St Lucia (all stops service)
  • F11 Apollo Road–Riverside (express service, peak hour only)
  • F12 West End–QUT Gardens Point (express service, peak hour only)
  • F21 Bulimba–Teneriffe (cross river service)
  • F22 Sydney Street–Dockside (cross river service)
  • F23 Riverside–Holman Street (cross river service)
  • F24 Maritime Museum–QUT Gardens Point (cross river service)
• Moreton Island ferries – Passenger ferries operate from Holt Street Wharf in Pinkenba to Tangalooma on Moreton Island. The ferries operate multiple times daily with a journey time of 75 minutes.
• North Stradbroke Island ferries – Passenger and car ferries operate from Toondah Harbour in Cleveland to Dunwich on North Stradbroke Island. The ferries operate multiple times daily with a journey time of 25 minutes.

Uber and DiDi are available.

Taxis are numerous throughout Brisbane and can take you anywhere. All cabs can be hailed down no matter where you are, provided their roof light is on, though in some areas they might not be able to stop, so it might be best to book one in advance. All cabs accept cash, credit and debit cards. Despite cabs being fitted with GPS units, you'll find it wise to check with the driver about your destination before departing and make sure they are willing to go there.

In the outer-suburban areas, cabs will pull over if you hail them down from the side of the road and can be found in designated taxi ranks in shopping centres, or near bars and pubs. The same can be said for the inner-city, however taxi ranks are more common and it's usually best to catch a cab from there. At night though, especially on Friday and Saturday, cabs exclusively pick up passengers from these ranks and you'd be extremely lucky if you get one elsewhere. These ranks are usually monitored by security and have ushers at night. From midnight-5:30AM on Friday and Saturday nights, all cabs from the CBD and Fortitude Valley become "FlatFare", meaning that there is a fixed price for any given destination and you will have to pay before entering the cab.

Cabs can be expensive in Brisbane; a trip between the airport and the city can be in excess of $50–60 and can easily run to over $100 if you go beyond the metropolitan Brisbane region.

There are plenty of national car rental companies available to pick up from the airport. As is common with many hire car companies, you will often pay a premium to pick up or return at the airport location. If you are looking to cover a long distance by car, ensure your rental policy includes unlimited mileage – most economy to standard sized car rental include this already. Most car rental companies hire to people 25 years of age and over, some all age car rental companies do hire to younger drivers over 21 (or in very rare cases, 18) years of age (there are surcharges involved for under-age drivers).

Many of the roads in the CBD are one-way, making driving in this area complicated for people not familiar with the layout. Drivers used to city driving should not find Brisbane too much of a challenge, and parking is readily available in parking stations in the city, albeit often at a steep cost, around $40 to casually park for a day. $15 parking is generally available with early-bird deals (arrive before 9:00, leave after 16:00.) The CBD has limited street parking and issues parking infringements for illegally parked vehicles. All inner-city street parking is metered and signed and costs about $4 per hour. Avoid parking fines by only parking in designated parking bays marked by white lines. A yellow painted line along the kerbside indicates no standing and no parking.

Most CBD roads become clearways at 16:00 (unless signed otherwise), and any cars parked on the side of the road will be fined, towed or both. You have to pay for the towing to get your car back, and then expect a fine to follow in the mail. Check for signs and line marking when parking, or just play it safe and find a parking station.

If you are looking to visit the areas surrounding the city, then generally a car will be as quick as any other way of getting around, with the possible exception of the height of peak hour. Brisbane is notorious for having roads that bottle-neck and what would normally be a 15-minute trip could easily turn into well over an hour during peak times.

There are several toll roads in and around Brisbane (clearly signed and marked for approaching motorists), including the Gateway Bridge which crosses the river near the airport, the Clem-7 tunnel and the Go-Between Bridge. Cash is not accepted, toll users must have a prepaid transponder or post-pay via a website. Check the Linkt website for details.

A street directory or GPS unit is an essential addition to your car. Locals are generally friendly and more than willing to help you out if you are lost, so don't be afraid to ask.

Under Queensland law, 50cc scooters can be ridden by just about anyone who holds a car driver's licence. This makes them a good way to get around the CBD, due to limited street parking, and often-expensive off-street parking. Scooter and motorbike parking is free and plentiful. The downside to renting a scooter is that they are speed-limited to 55 km/h. If on a multi-lane road, stay in the left lane. Scooters are not allowed on highways. North of Brisbane you will find many beautiful scenic drives for motorbike enthusiasts. The North side is surrounded by many windy roads and great mountain roads on which any motorbike rider can enjoy a full day out on the motorbike of just about any size. There are services available throughout Brisbane and the Gold Coast which deliver both scooters and motorbikes right to your door-step. Some will even provide all the necessary gear as well.

Getting around the city and South Bank is easy thanks to the many cycle paths along the river.

Cycling on footpaths is legal in the Brisbane City Council area (maximum speed 10 km/h), however pedestrians have right of way. Keep left and take special care when riding through South Bank Parklands as the shared (and quite wide) foot and cycle path is often clogged with large groups taking up the whole path, pedestrians stopping unexpectedly for photos and playing children running heedlessly in front of you. It is often too noisy here to use your bell, so use your common sense, and dismount and push your bike through crowded pedestrian areas.

Maps showing extensive dedicated bikeways and shared paths in the Brisbane City Council area are available via Google Maps. These bikeways offer a pleasant way to explore and enjoy Brisbane.

Some areas of Brisbane are very hilly. If your street map shows a tangle of winding streets close together that is a sign of steep roads. A short trip can quickly become a lot of work; stick to the river when possible, it's where you get the best views and it is almost entirely flat.

If you leave the cycle paths, footpaths, and minor streets you should be prepared to contend with busy urban traffic. Feel free to ignore any Brisbane motorists that may have resentment toward cyclists and ignorance of the road rules applying to cyclists; cyclists are permitted to travel on just about all roads in Brisbane. Special "bicycle lanes" on Brisbane's roads are becoming increasingly common and are often denoted by a narrow green-coloured strip of road adjacent to the curb.

Brisbane is an excellent city for walking and you should have no problems getting around the CBD. Within minutes of walking in virtually any direction you will be able to find a bus, train or ferry station. Maps can be purchased from bookstores, any tourist information centre or viewed online. There are also a number of shared pathways that offer relaxed walking routes away from roads and traffic. Beyond the CBD and inner-suburbs however, sights can become very spread out, so you might want to consider other modes of getting around. Areas near the river are relatively flat and are perfect for walking. If you find yourself lost, it's advisable to head to the nearest main road as more than likely it will be serviced by buses or trains.

Brisbane's drinking and nightlife scene is separated into some distinct areas. Anyone planning a night on the town should be aware that after 3AM, no more patrons are allowed into pubs and clubs. This is a safety measure, coupled with increased security presence at taxi ranks. Additionally, smokers should beware of strict anti-smoking regulations. Smoking is now banned in "all areas where food & drink are served", both indoors and outdoors. This means that smoking is banned in all hotels, clubs, and cafés except in designated smoking areas.

The drinking age in Australia is 18 and only an Australian driver's licence, 18+ card or a foreign passport is accepted as proof of age. Other forms of ID such as a student card are not accepted. These regulations are strictly enforced – for nightclubs in particular, your ID will always be checked at the door, and while venues serving food may let you in, most are very prudent in checking ID if you wish to purchase alcohol.

Toowong:

• 1 Regatta, 543 Coronation Drive, Toowong (adjacent to the Regatta CityCat terminal), ☏ . Expect a wait to get in on Th, F and Sa nights, but a must-go for the best sessions on W and Su nights when the venue is completely taken by students. (updated Jun 2025)
• 2 Royal Exchange (RE) Hotel, 10 High St, ☏ , royal.exchange.hotel@alhgroup.com.au. Generally a good, down-to-earth pub, more so than the Regatta, which tends to cater to a slightly trendier crowd (updated Jun 2025)

Regatta and the RE have reputations (which they more than live up) as student haunts, being located reasonably close to the St Lucia campus of the University of Queensland.

Bulimba:

Catch a citycat to Bulimba for some trendy shopping on popular Oxford Street, great cafes, hip bars or for a picnic in the park.

• 3 Oxford 152, 152 Oxford St, ☏ , oxford152@alhgroup.com.au. One of Brisbane's most popular suburban restaurant/bars. (updated Jun 2025)

Breakfast Creek:

In Brisbane's inner north as you head over Breakfast Creek you will see the exterior of one of Brisbane's most famous pubs and the Heritage Listed figure of Mr Fourex winking at you from the signage.

• 4 Breakfast Creek Hotel, 2 Kingsford Smith Dve, Albion, ☏ , oxford152@alhgroup.com.au. Built in the French Renaissance style in 1889 - the ' Brekkie Creek' is one of Brisbane's most iconic watering holes famous for its steaks and XXXX 'beer off the wood' popular. (updated Aug 2025)

Stones Corner

An up-and-coming historic area experiencing a revitalisation in boutiques shops, restaurants, cafes and bars. 10 minutes from the CBD by bus.

• 5 Stones Corner Hotel, 346 Logan Rd (Bus routes 61 or 222 to Stones Corner Busway Station), ☏ . Daily 6AM to 4AM. The heritage charm of the Stones Corner Hotel is felt the moment you enter this beautifully renovated landmark. Busy, rustic-chic pub with a wide range of craft beers and extensive menu of classic Australian pub food. Features a beer garden, plus trivia and comedy. (updated Apr 2019)

• 6 Brew, Lower Burnett Ln, ☏ . This alleyway joint is a relaxed, bohemian cafe by day and a trendy boutique bar by night. Brew serves some of the best coffee in Brisbane, as well as a wide range of micro-brewed beers, in a welcoming, creative environment. Down an alleyway off the Albert St Mall heading to King George Square, next to the Rocking Horse. (updated Jun 2025)
• 7 Star Casino, 130 William St. Brisbane's casino has a number of bars, from quiet lounges to dance floors. Known for its choice of bars. Open 24 hours a day (no lockout), though the individual bars vary. 
• 8 Criterion Tavern, 239 George St. A renovated bar, recommended for those who are looking for a quick beer and some country music. 
• 9 Down Under Bar, 308 Edward St. A well known haunt for travellers, with a number of pool tables, dance floor and unashamedly little class. Messages left by visitors from all over the world adorn the walls. If you are studying in Brisbane or just backpacking, this is perfect bar for meeting people of other nationalities. 
• 10 Exchange Hotel, 131 Edward St. Somewhat popular with a wide, although decidedly young, demographic, including students, young professionals and tourists, who all stream in later in the night after cheap drinks finish at the other hotels nearby. Renovated with stylish interior and 2nd floor open roof bar. 
• 11 Fridays, 123 Eagle St. A very popular nightclub which also features dining (not recommended after 10PM). Especially popular with the Friday after-work crowd. Smart dress code (business style shoes and shirts for the guys), always enforced. 
• 12 Gilhooleys, 124 Albert St. Possibly the liveliest of Brisbane's Irish pubs, you can still get a quiet pint over a hearty lunch. 
• 13 Irish Murphy's, 175 George St. Good food, a lively atmosphere and a great pint at this Irish pub on George St. 
• 14 The Port Office Hotel, 40 Edward St. Trendy bar downstairs dance floor upstairs popular spot in Brisbane. Crowded with students on Thursday. 
• 15 Sportsman Hotel, 130 Leichhardt St. Commonly called "Sporty's", this gay and lesbian pub has two bars upstairs and one private members bar downstairs. Lunch and dinner are served. Drag shows and karaoke on certain nights. 
• 16 The Gresham Bar, 308 Queen St. M-F 11AM-2AM, Sa 3PM-2AM. High end cocktail bar with an extensive list of drinks. Also serves food. (updated Sep 2026)

The Fortitude Valley is a unique area of Brisbane catering to the live music scene. A large number of Brisbane's hippest clubs are located here. Through the 1960s and 70s it was seen as Brisbane's bohemian hub and has maintained a certain degree of that reputation. It became thought of as being one of the more dangerous areas of the city but this attitude is changing as the area becomes more popular and hence, safer. This attitude, however, has had an adverse effect on the area's creative vibe, as locals turn their back on the area, forcing the creative centre of Brisbane to shift towards other areas of the city such as West End and Paddington. As with anywhere, simple common sense, caution and courtesy will keep you out of harm's way.

• 17 The Beat, 677 Ann St. Downstairs has three dance areas dedicated to hardcore/rave, electro and popular music, upstairs is gay (generally a younger crowd than the Wickham) and has two dance floors and a beer garden. 
• 18 Birdees, 608 Ann St, ☏ . OK atmosphere, mainly student (popular with this crowd because of the lack of cover charge) and backpacker clientele. Commercial dance music. (updated Jun 2025)
• 19 Cloudland, 641 Ann St. Cocktail lounge on Ann Street with a retractable roof, 10 metre waterfall, 5,000 plants and a glass bar made from 17,000 glass balls threaded by hand. Caters to a very upmarket, sophisticated crowd. Smart dress code which is strictly enforced on busy nights. 
• 20 The Empire, 339 Brunswick St. Alternative dance club, nice long balcony overlooking busy Brunswick Street, a few levels, less pretentious but darker than other dance clubs in Brisbane although no less expensive. 
• 21 GPO, 740 Ann St. Bar and nightclub in a former Post Office on Ann Street; trendy spot with great tunes. 
• 22 Green Beacon Brewing Co., 26 Helen St, ☏ . Mon Tue 2–9PM, Wed Thu Sun noon–9PM, Fri Sat noon–10PM. Has a good range of its own home-brewed ale and was Brisbane's first brewpub (a brewery that acted as a pub at the same time). Prices can be a little on the higher end, but the quality makes up for the price. (updated Sep 2025)
• 23 The Met, 256 Wickham St. The biggest club in Brisbane. Host to many international DJs. Amazing decor with great attention to detail. Many different rooms to explore. Although a bit expensive, a huge variety of different types of people inside. 
• 24 The Press Club, 339 Brunswick St. Small club with large lounges to stretch out on. Host to funky Jazz blended with dance music. 
• 25 Rics, 321 Brunswick St. Live music most nights. The Valley's hipster institution. Venue also includes "Fatboys Cafe", which is a popular restaurant serving breakfast, steaks, pizza and pasta. 
• 26 Royal George (RG) Hotel, 327 Brunswick St. Large beer garden in the Brunswick St Mall, great atmosphere, great food deals most nights. 
• 27 The Wickham, 308 Wickham St. A gay & lesbian dance club with outdoor seating, drag shows most nights. 

Less crowded than 'the valley' or the city, this bohemian district popular with locals offers a few hip clubs, intimate restaurants and a very laid back atmosphere. High concentration of craft beer bars, serving local, interstate and international brews.

Check out:

• 28 Lychee Lounge, 94 Boundary St. Intimate setting, sensual cocktails, beautiful crowd. 
• 29 Archive Beer Boutique, 100 Boundary St. Located at street level beneath Uber, Archive stocks over 200 different craft beers, primarily Australian. The food is generally excellent, although the menu is in no way as extensive as the beverage list. Prices are reasonable, particularly on Sunday "Beer O'Clock" where the price on the majority of bottled beers are reduced to $5. 
• 30 The Boundary Hotel, 137 Boundary St. West End's oldest pub. This is perhaps the largest drinking establishment in West End, with two bars downstairs and a beer garden & deck on the upper floor. The food is fairly plain but well priced, and the drinks menu is about the same. Excellent live blues acts Sunday afternoon and evenings from Wednesday to Saturday are the main reason to visit. 
• 31 Covent Garden West End, 142 Boundary St, West End, ☏ . A modern Australian, gin house. This is where gin lovers in Brisbane go to satisfy their thirst. (updated Jun 2025)
• 32 The End, 73 Vulture St. Calls itself a "boutique bar for everyone". Quite small inside, so if you're not there early you will probably miss out on a seat to 'hipper than thou' types. Decent selection of beers at the average price, ever-changing seasonal cocktail menu. 

• 1 Banana Backpackers (Banana Benders), 118 Petrie Terrace (500 m from Roma St Transit Centre), ☏ , reception@bananabenders.com. Check-in: 1PM, check-out: 11AM. A small, clean & friendly hostel on the fringe of Brisbane CBD. 10 minutes walk from Brisbane Transit centre and an easy walk to South Bank & CBD. Can be a little quiet but a great place to relax and meet new people. $25-75. (updated Sep 2025)
• 2 Brisbane City Backpackers, 380 Upper Roma St (400 m from Roma St Transit Centre), ☏ . Clean, relaxed hostel with a pool and friendly staff. (updated Jun 2025)
• 3 Brisbane City YHA, 392 Upper Roma St (600 m from Roma St Transit Centre), ☏ , brisbanecity@yha.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 10AM. From $29. (updated Jun 2025)
• 4 Bunk Backpackers, 21 Gipps St, Fortitude Valley, ☏ , info@bunkbrisbane.com.au. Check-in: 1PM, check-out: 10AM. Modern, clean, very popular, swimming pool, and one of Brisbane's popular (but more expensive) night clubs, Birdee Num Num. (updated Jun 2025)
• 5 Cloud 9 Backpackers Resort, 350 Upper Roma St, ☏ , info@cloud9backpackers.com.au. New, modern, industrial-space conversion. (updated Jun 2025)
• 6 ibis budget Brisbane Airport, 18 Navigator Place, Cnr. Nudgee Road, ☏ , h3512@accor.com. From $89. (updated Jan 2016)
• 7 ibis budget Windsor, 159 Lutwyche Road, ☏ , h5403@accor.com. From $74. (updated Jan 2016)
• 8 Kingsford Riverside Inn, 114 Kingsford Smith Drive, Hamilton, ☏ , toll-free: , k.r.inn@optusnet.com.au. Close to the airport. A few minutes’ walk from the Breakfast Creek Hotel. The accommodation can be accessed via door-to-door transport services. From $99. (updated Jun 2025)
• 9 Manly Harbour Backpackers, 45 Cambridge Parade, Manly, ☏ . Next to the ocean, in a bayside suburb. 40 min train ride from the Brisbane CBD. Can organise activities like surfing, sailing, fishing and diving. Dorms and private rooms, internet access, airport and train transfers. (updated Oct 2024)
• 10 Somewhere to Stay Backpackers Hostel, 47 Brighton Rd, Highgate Hill, ☏ , toll-free: .  (updated Jun 2025)

Brisbane hotels are listed in alphabetical order.

• 11 Adina Apartment Hotel Brisbane Anzac Square, 255 Ann St, ☏ , anzacsquare@adinahotels.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11PM. Adina Hotel Brisbane Anzac Square is a modern hotel that overlooks the Anzac Square memorial gardens. From $104. (updated Jan 2016)
• 12 Albion Manor Apartments and Motel, 402 Sandgate Road (Cnr Sandgate Road & Camden Street), Albion, ☏ , toll-free: , enquiries@albionmanor.com.au. Spacious and comfortable studio apartment. From $105. (updated Jun 2025)
• 13 Central Brunswick Hotel, 455 Brunswick Street, Fortitude Valley, ☏ , fax: +61 7 3852 1015, info@centralbrunswickhotel.com.au. Spacious apartments close to Chinatown and nearby to CBD area of downtown Brisbane. (updated Jun 2025)
• Choice Hotels – Brisbane Properties. Many locations in Brisbane outside of the immediate CBD area serving quality accommodation at affordable prices under the brands EcnoLodge, Ascend, Quality Inn and Comfort Inn. (updated Jun 2025)
• 14 Four Points by Sheraton Brisbane, 99 Mary Street, ☏ , fourpoints.brisbane@fourpoints.com. Check-in: 3PM, check-out: 11AM. From $129. (updated Jan 2016)
• 15 Greenslopes Motor Inn in Brisbane (Greenslopes), 389 Cornwall Street (Cnr Dansie St), Greenslopes, ☏ , toll-free: , fax: +61 7 3394 2936, info@gsmi.com.au. 18 rooms, easy access off the Pacific Highway, plenty of off-street parking. From $99. (updated Jan 2016)
• 16 Hilton, 190 Elizabeth St, ☏ , brisbane.info@hilton.com. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. Overlooks Queen Street Mall. From $206. (updated Jan 2016)
• 17 Hotel Grand Chancellor, 23 Leichhardt Street, ☏ , reservations@hgcbrisbane.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. From approx $160. (updated Jan 2016)
• 18 Mantra South Bank, 161 Grey St, South Bank, ☏ , southbankbris.res@mantra.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 10AM. New, modern, brash and very stylish. From approx $159. (updated Jan 2016)
• 19 Marriott Hotel, 515 Queen St, ☏ . Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. Comfortable hotel with lovely staff. From $163. (updated Jun 2025)
• 20 Mercure Brisbane King George Square, Corner Ann & Roma Streets, ☏ , H8780@accor.com. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 10:30AM. Walking distance to the Queen St Mall shopping precinct. From $143. (updated Jan 2016)
• 21 Novotel Brisbane Airport, 6–8 The Circuit, Brisbane Airport (follow signs to Skygate), ☏ , reservations@novotelbrisbaneairport.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. From $229. (updated Jan 2016)
• 22 Pullman Brisbane King George Square, Corner Ann & Roma Sts, ☏ , H8784@accor.com. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 10:30AM. Within walking distance of the Queen St Mall shopping precinct. From $175. (updated Jan 2016)
• 23 Raceways Motel in Brisbane (Hamilton), 66 Kent St, ☏ , enquiries@racewaysmotel.com.au. Check-in: noon. Family run accommodation close to Brisbane City Centre and Brisbane International Airport. From $129. (updated Jun 2025)
• 24 The Great Southern Hotel, 103 George St, ☏ , reservations103g@greatsouthernhotel.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. From $62. (updated Jan 2016)
• 25 Ridge on Leichhardt Hotel, 189 Leichhardt St, Spring Hill, ☏ , reception@ridgehotel.com.au. From $89. (updated Jun 2025)
• 26 Rydges South Bank Brisbane, 9 Glenelg St, South Bank, ☏ , reservations_southbank@rydges.com. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. In the heart of Brisbane's arts and entertainment precinct, it is the closest hotel to the Queensland Performing Arts Centre. The Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre is immediately adjacent to the hotel and downtown Brisbane and the bohemian village of West End are a 10 min stroll away. From $169. (updated Jan 2016)
• 27 The Sebel Brisbane, Corner Charlotte and Albert St, ☏ , H8778@accor.com. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. Distinctive refurbished boutique style rooms. From $159. (updated Jan 2016)
• 28 Story Apartments, 89 Lambert St, Kangaroo Point, ☏ , sales@storyapartments.com.au. Offers both short-stay and long-stay accommodation, and is just a few min ferry ride from the CBD. From $209. (updated Jun 2025)
• 29 iStay River City, 79 Albert St, ☏ , rivercity@theoaksgroup.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 10AM. This hotel offers free Wi-Fi, swimming pool access and gym facilities along with 1- and 2-bedroom apartments with views. (updated May 2017)

• 30 Capri by Fraser Brisbane, 80 Albert Street, ☏ , reservations.brisbane@capribyfraser.com. Check-in: 3PM, check-out: 11AM. From approx $180. (updated Jan 2016)
• 31 The Valley, 1000 Ann St, ☏ . Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. One of Brisbane's best, but at high end prices. Part of the emporium complex, the hotel has some of the best rooms and spa and gyms in Brisbane. (updated Jan 2016)
• 32 Royal on the Park Hotel (corner of Alice and Albert Streets), ☏ , reservations@royalonthepark.com.au. Check-out: 11AM. Best Brisbane City accommodation overlooking the Botanic City Gardens and only a short walk to Brisbane's arts and entertainment precinct. From $169. (updated Jan 2016)
• 33 Sofitel Brisbane Central, 249 Turbot Street, ☏ , h5992@sofitel.com. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. A luxury hotel above Brisbane Central Station, overlooking ANZAC Square. From $194. (updated Jan 2016)
• 34 The Inchcolm by Ovolo, 73 Wickham Terrace, ☏ . Check-out: 11AM. From $211. (updated Jan 2016)
• 35 Treasury Heritage Hotel, 130 William Street, ☏ . Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. Large rooms in an old colonial building in the centre of the CBD. From approx $250. (updated Jun 2025)
• 36 Stamford Plaza Brisbane, Corner of Margaret & Edward Streets, ☏ , reservations@spb.stamford.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 11AM. From $250. (updated Jan 2016)

• 37 Bridgewater Terraces, 55 Baildon St, Kangaroo Point, ☏ . Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 10AM. Within a few minutes' walk of Holman Street ferry terminal, Bridgewater Terraces consist of one, two, and three-bedroom self-contained apartments. Large lagoon pool, spa, sauna, gym, and barbeque facilities. (updated Jun 2025)
• 38 Oaks Lexicon Apartments, 347 Ann St, toll-free: 1300 663 385Country code missing, lexicon@theoaksgroup.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 10AM. Ann Street, Brisbane City. In the heart of the CBD, is in a contemporary building with 1 and 2 bedroom apartments. Facilities and service of a modern hotel but providing a self-contained apartment. Minutes to the Queen Street Mall, Riverside and the Brisbane Convention Centre. 
• 39 Evolution Apartments, 18 Tank St (close to Roma Street Train Station), ☏ , info@evolutionapartments.com.au. In Brisbane CBD, fully serviced and provide a media room, swimming pool, deck with BBQs and a business centre. (updated Jun 2025)
• 40 Quest Woolloongabba, 130 Logan Road, ☏ , questwoolloongabba@questapartments.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 10AM. Apartment style hotel that was built and opened in 2014. From $140. (updated Jan 2016)
• 41 Oaks Aurora Tower, 420 Queen Street, ☏ , aurora@theoaksgroup.com.au. Check-in: 2PM, check-out: 10AM. This hotel offers 1, 2 and 3 bedroom apartments with river and city views, located close to Queens Street Mall and Eagles St Piers precinct. Consists of recreation deck, 25-m lap pool. (updated May 2017)

Brisbane has a relatively low crime rate in comparison to other cities of such size. In most cases being aware of your environment and using common sense will keep you safe. Like Sydney and other large cities, trains and train stations are usually considered a common crime zone throughout the afternoons and nights, however trains and stations are patrolled by Police, Transit Officers, railway personnel and private security guards. Cameras are also used to increase security. It is advised to exercise caution when travelling on trains and buses during these periods of the day.

Here are some particular areas of note:

• Outer Suburbs: Tend to have a higher crime rate than inner suburbs which should be taken into account when visiting these areas.
  • Days: Very safe during the day, but using common sense goes a long way. Avoid gangs of people, especially if they seem trashy or obnoxious and be mindful if a questionable person approaches you.
  • Nights: Like most other places, outer suburbs to get more dangerous. Most suburban streets are poorly lit or have no lighting at all. It is recommended that individuals walking in these areas at night take extra precautions or venture within a group.
• City Central/CBD: Usually very safe at all hours.
  • Days: Very safe during the day thanks to a good police presence and most people only being there for work. Though during school holidays groups of youths can congregate, especially around Queen St and South Bank and can get rather rowdy, but they usually mind their own business.
  • Nights: Still relatively safe at night. Police presence isn't as strong, except on Friday and Saturday nights, but you're still urged to travel with others. Be careful if catching a train at night, even though the train stations and trains are well patrolled and watched by CCTV. Treasury Casino patrons often gather outside and unwanted attention can be received late at night due to drunks. However, security is tight and the entire area around the Casino is monitored by CCTV. Take extra caution if in South Bank at night due to groups of youths congregating there.
• Fortitude Valley: Police presence very strong here due to the concentration of bars.
  • Days: Just as safe as the CBD during the day.
  • Nights (especially Friday and Saturday): Taxi ranks in particular can be a little dangerous due to many frustrated drunks having to wait for cabs. Wait only at ranks that have a security guard. Stay to the well-lit busy streets and never venture off alone, especially down back-streets or far away from a crowd. Especially for women, it is recommended to travel in pairs or groups to avoid any unwanted attention from drunken revellers, especially in the early hours of the morning.
• Suburban pubs: generally less safe than inner-city pubs, bars and clubs due to less police and security. Drunks can be a hassle when in the vicinity of suburban pubs, especially around closing times. Fights in these venues are common.

Throughout Australia, the number for emergency services (Police, Fire and Ambulance) is 000. When using a mobile or cell phone, the numbers 000 and 112 are free of charge, and connect using any of the available networks.

Emergency numbers such as 911 and 999 do not work within Australia.

Probably the worst thing that can befall your trip to Brisbane is sunburn and other heat-related issues. The local UV Index is almost always in the extreme rating during the day (10AM-3PM) and precautions should always be taken. Do not be fooled though, even in the cooler months or when it is overcast you can still be affected by UV rays or the heat. Sunscreen, shirts, sunglasses and lots of water are essential.

The damaging effects of the Queensland sun should not be underestimated. The state has the highest per-capita rate of skin cancer in the world and tourists often come unprepared. On a sunny day in Brisbane, it is common to be sunburnt after as few as 15 minutes under the midday sun, but sunburn can also occur on overcast days. This is not exclusive to summer, but can happen all year round, even in winter.

If you are planning a long day outdoors, always cover up with sunscreen, loose clothing, a hat and sunglasses to protect yourself. Limit your outdoor physical activity in the summer until you are used to the heat. Immediately seek shade or an air-conditioned area and drink plenty of water if you are feeling the effects of heat exhaustion, including headache, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, confusion or fainting.

Many visitors to Brisbane take day trips to enjoy the very popular nearby beaches at Tangalooma (Moreton Island), Point Lookout (North Stradbroke Island), the Gold Coast (south) or the Sunshine Coast (north). Beaches can be great fun and very enjoyable when safe. It is important to know that most of the coastal beaches are Pacific ocean beaches with little to no protection that coves and bays provide. They can become dangerous to swim in due to strong currents, rough or powerfully-breaking waves, and various harmful marine life. Ensure you only swim at beaches where and when lifeguards are on duty and between the flags displayed in front of lifeguard observers. Check with lifeguards for any present, or potential undercurrents, rips, tows, or for the presence of bluebottles, stinging jellyfish, or other potential dangers prior to swimming. Advise the on-duty lifeguards if you are inexperienced in swimming at a beach so they can give you more attention. Avoid going past waist-deep if you are not a strong swimmer. Parents should accompany their children while they swim as rips, undertows, strong currents, and rough breaking waves can cause extreme difficulty. Sadly there have been tourists who have drowned due to inexperience with swimming in an ocean setting. Do not swim after consuming alcohol as it can affect your ability to swim and has been a contributing factor in some drowning fatalities. Avoid swimming near anyone using equipment such as surfboards, windsurfers, parasails, sailing craft or power craft such as jetskis, and motorboats.

Free WiFi is available at:

• All Brisbane City Council libraries.
• All Telstra payphones.
• Most cafes, restaurants and shopping malls.
• Most Queensland Rail trains.
• 1 State Library of Queensland, Cultural Precinct, Stanley Place, South Bank, ☏ . Mon–Thu 10AM–8PM, Fri–Sun 10AM–5PM. Free WiFi is available at the Queensland State Library, in selected areas. The main Infocentre area is quite large and has 30-minute (no booking) and 60-minute (booking required) computers. The 60-minute computers are booked using a queuing system upon arriving at the library (no library card required). The Infocentre also has a very large lounge and desk area for those with their own laptops wishing to use the free Wi-Fi. Printing is $0.10 per page, but requires the purchase of a $2 copy card in addition to the per page cost. The library is also air-conditioned (as one might expect) so is a good place to spend some time during the scorching mid-day heat.  (updated Oct 2015)

Payphones are abundant in the CBD, but less so in the suburbs. Domestic calls are completely free, international calls require a calling card. Refer to Australia for countrywide contact options, such as SIM cards and calling cards.